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IVF, or fertilization of the egg (the secondary oocyte) by a sperm (a spermatozoon) in vitro, i.e. in the laboratory. Necessary if the fallopian tubes are diseased or missing; useful if sperm fertilizing capacity is doubtful, because evidence of fertilization can be seen before the egg is transferred as an embryo. The subject of Chapter 20 in Overcoming Infertility. For more on practical aspects of in vitro fertilization, go to Sydney IVF. Abbreviated IVF
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